Geographical analysis of the economic reality and investment potential of overland pilgrimage routes to the governorates of Karbala, Najaf, and Muthanna via the Arar border crossing between Iraq and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

exchange and regulating the movement of services and goods, as the land pilgrimage route is the crossing point to the Arar border crossing between the two countries, and given the importance of the topic, the research will focus on the general movement of goods and goods as a factor of change in traffic and analysis of the traffic density of pilgrims, in addition to focusing on the economic importance of the port and showing the most important challenges it faces according to the geospatial perspective to support transport and logistic policies and show the most important changes that occur on this movement based on the statistical data for the years 2022 and 2024 for the purpose of consolidating comprehensive development and creating investment opportunities available through the land pilgrimage route and the Arar port between Iraq and Saudi Arabia, and to indicate the importance of their role in the recovery of the economic aspect of Iraq now and in the future